Predict - AIN

PredictAIN score is an algorithm that combines results from clinically available blood and urine tests with three urine biomarkers to provide a probability of AIN. The three novel biomarkers include tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-9, and CXCL-9.

What is acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)?

AIN is a common cause of loss of kidney function caused by immune-mediated kidney injury.

AIN is caused by immune-mediated kidney injury and commonly attributed to the loss of kidney function.

AIN is caused by medications such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and many others. If diagnosed early, AIN can be treated by stopping the culprit medication and starting immunosuppressive therapy.

How is AIN diagnosed?

Patients with AIN do not have typical symptoms or signs. Unfortunately, no blood or urine test can reliably differentiate AIN from other causes of loss of kidney function. As a result, patients are managed by trial of stopping culprit medications or need a kidney biopsy to establish diagnosis.

What causes AIN?

Commonly used medications often trigger AIN. These include antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and many others. Some people may also develop AIN due to their autoimmune conditions.

How common is AIN?

One in ten cases of unexplained loss of kidney function are caused by AIN.